Genetically Modified Food Supply Essays - 1107 Words

The failure of an arithmetically proliferating food supply to meet the demands of an exponentially propagating population has led many scientists and civilians to believe that a genetically modified food supply would be more than ideal. While genetically modified foods have proven to yield more food under cheaper costs, it has also yielded many problems. Concerned researchers believe that a â€Å"Pandora’s lunchbox† has been opened at the dawn of genetic modification technology. (PBS, par 33) Since genetically modified foods are foreign substances to the consumer’s body, the physical response to such foods are generally negative. Moreover, the temptation of an increased profit from a cheap rate of production for genetically modified foods has†¦show more content†¦(Newton, par 68) This triggered unheralded allergic reactions, endangering the lives of many uninformed soy bean consumers who had severe nut allergies. What is even more terrifying is that gen etically modified foods can cause more than allergy conflicts; they can impair body systems, induce cancer and ultimately, cause death. Many vegetables such as potatoes which are genetically modified have natural toxins which are produced upon trigger. Generally, the toxin levels are not sufficient to cause harm to humans who consume them but when such plants are genetically modified, the inserted genes could act as toxin inducers or triggers and poison consumers. The severe consequences of this would be paralysis, permanent damage and sometimes, death. (Newton, par 73) The countless various genes inserted in foods in genetic modification of foods put consumers’ health at risk and the consequences, unclear as well. Not only do these monstrous mutations in food affect people, but it also affects the environment. Many livestock have been abused and mistreated in the creation of these monstrous foods. In the cattle breeding industry, scientists are constantly experiment to acqui re the perfect breed of transgenic cattle. With such low chances of survival, the poor transgenic cattle are being set up for an early, painful deathShow MoreRelatedGenetically Modified Foods : The Food Supply951 Words   |  4 PagesGenetically Modified 2 The world today is plagued by famine and a shortage of tillable land. Millions worldwide are needlessly starving or suffering from severe malnutrition. Science has come forward and offered a solution to these problems with the development of genetically modified foods that promise to give us more food with enhanced nutritional value, but at what cost?Read MoreGenetically Modified Organisms And The Food Supply1642 Words   |  7 Pagesconsumer’s food without the world’s communities approval and it still continues today. Genetically modified organisms have contaminated the food supply. â€Å"A GMO (genetically modified organism) is the result of a laboratory process where genes from the DNA of one species are extracted and artificially forced in the genes of an unrelated plant or animal† (Seeds of Deception). The results have no health benefits, only financial benefits to the companies that produce them. The genetically modified organismsRead MoreGenetically Modified Organisms : The World Food Supply And The Eminent Danger Of Cancer1949 Words   |  8 PagesWhen it comes to issues as complicated and important as our world food supply and the eminent danger of cancer in our society, everyone seems to have an opinion on different solutions to these problems. While this is completely fine, some will not fully look into the subject areas before they form their own opinions. When people fail to explore all the areas of a certain subject, and are only exposed to one possibly flawed source, their opinion could be unsupported, and therefore inaccurate. A certainRead MoreNon Genetically Modified Food Demand1632 Words   |  7 PagesNon-Genetically Modified Food Demand and Supply and Demand of Food Supply and Restaurants in the United States Genetically modified crops have played an important role in food supply of the United States for nearly two decades. The incentives for producers to use these crops are numerous, such as: an increased resistance to pests and improving the yield of the harvest. While these crops have been accepted as the norm for years, recently more shoppers have become increasingly concerned about whatRead MoreDangers of Genetically Modified Foods1088 Words   |  4 Pages Genetically modified foods are a very dangerous and wasteful process that is given too much thought. This includes allergic reactions to possible intestinal damage, many people want to avoid genetically modified foods because of animal studies that have shown changes in internal cell formation, unusual tumor development, and unanticipated passing of life that have occurred, as well as altered the number of cells that regulated the immune system for the body. Research has shown that a growth inRead MoreGenetically Modified Foods Are Dangerous1473 Words   |  6 Pagestopic of genetically modified foods. Many people have a bad first impression of genetically modified foods because they have the notion that genetically modified crops are not the way nature made them, so they cannot be safe. The biggest group of naysayers is politicians and big name brand companies, such as Whole Foods. Typically, name brands require labelling food products that contain genetically modified crops with a GMO label, making most consumers think that genetically modified crops asRead MoreWhat Does Genetically Modified Crop Mean?1102 Words   |  5 Pagesan excess of food that universe hunger statistics drastically reduce. Many people are grieving from malnutrition, and they do not devour the essential vitamins to exist a wholesome lifestyle? In September a year of 2010, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations state that â€Å"FAO calculates that a total number of 925 million people of the world undernourished in 2010.† All across the earth, reliable people are languishing due to the shortage of nourishment and food stores. By usingRead MoreEssay on The Many Benefits of Genetically Modified Foods689 Words   |  3 PagesHave you eaten any dairy products lately? If so, theres a large chance you have eaten genetically modified foods without even knowing it. About 70- 80% of all food are genetically modified in the United States (Williams). Genetically modified foods benefit us, economically, environmentally, and health wise. Although they may present health problems, no proof has been shown. GMOs are very new to our world. There have been many protests against them lately as they continue to expand and feed our growingRead MoreMandatory Labeling Of Genetically Modified Foods1726 Words   |  7 PagesMandatory Labeling of Genetically Modified Foods The late nineteenth century brought forth some of the most breakthrough scientific discoveries. One such breakthrough were Genetically Engineered (Modified) Organisms which were initially meant to reduce world hunger by being able to mass produce crops and also allow the produce to have a longer shelf life and be more ripe. However, the increasing methods of germinating crops and new, more compelling evidence from thorough scientific research has ledRead MoreGenetically Modified Organisms (GMO) Labeling Legislation Essay934 Words   |  4 Pageseffectively bars federal courts from being able to halt the sale or planting of controversial genetically modified (aka GMO) or genetically engineered (GE) seeds, no matter what health issues may arise concerning GMOs in the future† (â€Å"5 Appalling Facts†)? Genetic engineering allows genetic material to be transferred between any organism, including between plants and animals. Genetically modified foods have been in existenc e since the early 1990s and they are not going away any time soon. In the

Comparing Fortune and Nature in Canterbury Tales and As...

Fortune and Nature in Canterbury Tales and As You Like It The medieval world was a complicated place, full of the chain of being, astrological influences, elements and humors. A mans life was supposedly influenced by all manner of externals acting by destiny or chance. Fortune and Nature are two terms that include many of these factors, representing chance and inborn qualities. Shakespeare mentions the two frequently, most notably in an extended dialogue between Rosalind and Celia in As You Like It. Geoffrey Chaucers Canterbury Tales also provide many examples of Fortune and Natures combinations in human affairs. His Pardoners Tale, Millers Tale, and Wife of Baths Tale all depend on the effects of these two metaphysical†¦show more content†¦Alisons Nature seems unclear to both John and Absolon, though Nicholas understands her well enough, and finds a Fortunate plan for removing her husband for a night. The Millers contrived yet humorous tale would not work without the complex interaction of the characters individual Natures and the vagaries of Fortune that allow Johns participation in Nicholas plot, Absolons attempted courtship, embarassing failure, and subsequent revenge, and Nicholas pained cry of Water! to unite in the humorous finale. The Wife of Bath arranges a similar juxtaposition for her story. Her lengthy prologue and much of her tale examines the Nature of women -- their behavior in and out of marriage. I wonder, though, how many of her habits result from Fortune as well, from being matched in her first three marriages with rich dotards who she could easily manipulate and control. Fortune throws the tempting maiden in the path of the errant knight -- And happed that, allone as he was born, / He sawgh a maide walking him biforn; / ...By verray force her rafte hir maiden- head. (ll. 891-2,894) Fortune also provides the knights last-minute meeting with the miraculous hag who rescues him -- And in his way it happed him to ride / ...No creature sawgh he that bar lif, / Save on the greene he sawgh sitting a wif. (ll. 995, 1003-4). The fairy hag orates at length on gentilnesse as a property of Nature (inborn quality and obvious action)Show MoreRelatedA Picatrix Miscellany52019 Words   |  209 Pagesprese nt be identified. No attempt has been made to impose a logical order on the illogicality of the book. Book I In the preface, after some autobiographical material, the author gives his reason for writing the work, which is to shed light on the nature of magic, a secret closely guarded by the ancient philosophers. He adds a summary of the contents of his four books (pp.1-3). This is replaced, in some manuscripts, by a detailed list of contents, arranged by chapter, of which a translation will beRead MoreVideo Notes29279 Words   |  118 PagesW, Four Points, and St. Regis) had its own approach for working with planners. The video presents the problems with the old approach, and includes a point for instructors to â€Å"pause† the video, if desired, to discuss this question: â€Å"What changes do you think Starwood implemented to turn this situation and the meeting planning process into a competitive weapon?† After the break, the video wraps up by showing how Starwood resolved the issues of inconsistency and meeting planner expectations to create

Social and Environmental Communication †Free Samples to Students

Question: Discuss about the Social and Environmental Communication. Answer: Introduction: The communication system and network technologies are two important aspects of any given company. The two Australian companies, namely, BHP Billiton and 3 Oceans Wine Company, are two companies which require to have a sound communication strategy and the highest network technologies. The most important aspect for any kind of business is that it should have a clear and precise communication stream. The businesses can only flourish if they follow these rules. The companies that are considered for this assignment, BHP Billiton and 3 Oceans Wine Company are the two Australian companies which are the most important and noteworthy Australian company. The communication strategy and the network design of a company is of the utmost importance in this day and age. This paper discusses the method and the procedure by adopting which the two renowned companies of Australia, BHP Billiton and 3 Oceans Wine Company, can improve their business operations. This can ideally be achieved with the help of incorporating changes in the communication system and network elements. BHP Billiton is an Australian company that specializes in multinational mining, metals and is a petroleum company. The company was established in the year 2001, with the merger of two companies, Australian Broken Hill Proprietary Company Limited (BHP) and AngloDutch Billiton plc. The company is one of the largest multi-national mining, petroleum and metals company of the world. The Wide Area Network (WAN) mainly dominates the network design of the company. The WAN is mainly used for companies, which have its business spread out to a wider geographical area. The aspect that the company can concentrate on is improving the service delivery to the clients and the consumers of the business. It should also focus on ensuring an accurate communication between the different businesses and sites of other business of the organization. The expanse of the company demands a strong and clear stream of communication amongst the businesses of the organization. The information and communication technology of the company must be developed. As it is one of the world leader in mining and related industries, BHP Billiton has to keep the information and communication technology absolutely top notch and highly efficient functioning (Kannan et al. 2012). The unified communication system is incredibly important for the company. The organization should bring in a level of change in its integrated communication and information technology so that it can stand up in the competitive race and retain its position in the competition. The communication strategy and the n etwork design of a company is of the utmost importance in this day and age. Since BHP Billiton is one of the largest companies of Australia, the company should find out a way to integrate the communication system over all its business branches (Baghalian, Rezapour and Farahani 2013). Communication strategy: The communication strategy of the company needs to be arranged in a way so that communication remains clear. A proper communication strategy is needed to help the management achieve the overall organizational objectives. It helps to demonstrate the success of a particular company, ensure the work that is done and change the behavior and perceptions of the management as well as the staff. BHP Billiton, being one of the most important and leading companies of Australia, having a robust communication strategy is an important factor in the development and growth of the company (Sheldon et al. 2012). The communication strategy of a company is crucial for the company as it is an important aspect for any particular company to grow and develop. The Australian company, BHP Billiton, should focus its attention on the clear communication claim that exists between the employees and the management as well as amongst the consumers (Soba and Aydin 2013). The company should chalk out an effective pl an to keep the communication stream clear. The company should focus on an effective and clear communication stream between the management, employees and the consumers. The company should aim to bring in a cost-effective communication strategy that proves to be beneficial for the company and increases the productivity and profitability. Since the company is spread out on a large geographical area, a clear and concise communication stream is essential for the company to prosper. The company should concentrate on the communication stream and thus achieve the required level of productivity and profitability (Farahani et al. 2014). The company should provide a full range of marketing and advertising for the image of the company. The company has a very important objective of further expanding and growing the business to a wider geographical area thereby increasing the profits and the revenues. The company needs to have a robust network system to ensure a smooth functioning of its operations. The network design of the company is important for the advancement of the organization. The network design of the Australian company, BHP Billiton, is mainly dominated by the large structure. The company generally uses the Wide Area Network (WAN), which is generally used for the multinational operations. Improving the service delivery to the clients and ensuring a proper communication between the operation sites. The network design of the company should be such so that the gargantuous dimensions of the business can be accommodated. The cost to incorporate an efficient and adequate network settings is of the utmost importance to the company (Lodhia 2012). BHP Billiton should focus its attention on expanding its business and thus expanding the network design and information technologies is also important. The importance of adopting a new communication strategy and new technologies is unequivocal for BHP Billiton. The technical advancement that the company should incorporate, can bring in a positive change for the company. The company can benefit from these changes vastly. The economic benefit of the company by adopting these new changes are manifold. A small time investment on the part of the company can prove to be greatly beneficial for the company in the long run as it is going to help a lot in the smooth functioning and operation of the organization. BHP Billiton is a company that has its operation all across the world (Raupp and Hoffjann 2012). The feasibility of the implementation of these changes can bring in a lot of factors that has to be considered. The technical feasibility is high since the implementation will advance the technological aspect of the company. The economic side of this will have to be taken into consideration. Economically, the inclusion of these changes mig ht be a little difficult but the positive sides should be considered. The economic investment might prove to be beneficial for the company. The company is an international company that is well-known in the mining and related industry in Australia. Therefore, it has many subsidiary businesses that is related to the main business of the company. The company thus requires a plan which can help to move ahead of the competitive race. The management of the company can face a job redundancy with the incorporation of the new changes in the workplace. Although the changes might be beneficial for the company in the long run, many employees can face a job loss with the advent of the new changes in the workplace. The inclusion of new technologies might include processes and techniques like bio-metrics, passwords, multi-step authentication and advanced, next generation firewall (Delgado-Ballester, Navarro and Sicilia 2012). These items can bring in a positive change in the organization. The cost of the inclusion of the new changes in the communication and the information technologies is of a considerable amount. The cost of rebuildin g, training and networking the workforce and the operations of the company is of a considerable amount (Galliers and Leidner 2014). These costs have to be kept in mind while planning for the budget allocation for the company. The security of the company offices also have to be improved (Asad and Dimitrakopoulos 2012). 3 Oceans Wine Company: 3 Oceans Wine Company is an Australian company that is one of the largest wine maker of Australia. The company is renowned for the production of quality wines. It manufactures more than one hundred thousand cases of wine each year. The company produces high quality wine and also has a caf along with the business that helps the organization to bridge the gap between alcohol drinkers and those who do not drink alcohol. Since the company has a lesser geographical area, the network setting of Local Area Network would be sufficient for its business needs. The communication system of the company is focused on developing a positive relation between the company and the client. The ultimate aim of the company is to keep the customers of the company happy (Contreas and Fernndez 2012). The interactions between the clients or the consumers and the company are one of the critical features of ensuring the success of the business. The business of the company relies on a clear and uninterrupted comm unication amongst its employees as well as amongst the clients and the management. The wine company has a vineyard of about 2 hectares. The company has a network design that brings out the aspect of marketing. It puts a lot of emphasis on the enhancement of displaying its products through the media. The company incorporated a caf in its business to appeal to a wider customer base (Mahaboob, Gunasekaran and Nachiappan 2012). 3 Oceans Wine Company, like every other company in the world, should have a robust and effective communication strategy. It is the eighth biggest wine maker on the western side of Australia. In a business, a communication strategy plays an important role as it is important to maintain a clear communication stream amongst the management and the employees of the company (Mazzei 2014). It is also crucial to keep a clear communication between the management and the consumers. An efficient communication strategy is one of the most important components of marketing in the business scenario. The communication strategy is the backbone of the progress and development of the company. The Australian wine company should put more focus in creating a communication strategy that brings out effectively the purpose of progress and advancement of the company (Asgari, Farahani and Goh 2013). The company should put emphasis on the open and efficient communication between the proprietors of the cafs and the management, the store managers and the staff, the workers at the vineyard and the management of the plantation, and so on. The effective and efficient communication between the management and the workforce can ensure a higher productivity and profitability (Rainnie, Fitzgerald and Ellem 2014). The company should ask for the feedback of the consumers so that they can make and present the products in such a way so that the customers remain interested in their products (Hasani, Zegordi and Nikbakhsh 2012). Network design: The network design of the 3 Oceans Wine Company essentially consists of a Local Area Network. The company will have to determine how efficient a particular network is to serve a larger number of clients. This is required to serve the customers better. The network in the company has to be improved so that the productivity and the profitability remains high. A network system provides a channel to unify the different sites in a multinational company or even the company to its clients (Thorson and Moore 2013). A proper system will facilitate efficiency through which business can be transacted between industries and their potential customers. The network settings of a company in the day and age of today must be of the highest standard and quality. A network element is a manageable logical entity that unites one or more physical devises. The network element is an equipment or facility. The company should invest in a short-term network plan which helps the company to produce efficient busin ess and productivity. The company should invest largely in improving the information and communication technology of the organization. This investment will ultimately prove to be beneficial for the company as it is going to ensure a lot of profit and advancement for the company. The company can significantly improve its operations and functions by the inclusion of better network designs (Simmons 2014). The feasibility of the implementation of these changes can bring in a lot of factors that has to be considered. The technical feasibility is high since the implementation will advance the technological aspect of the company. The economic side of this will have to be taken into consideration. Economically, the inclusion of these changes might be a little difficult but the positive sides should be considered. The economic investment might prove to be beneficial for the company. The inclusion of new and better technologies and new communication strategy will have proven to be beneficial for the company. Economically, the company is going to be benefited from these to be feasible for the company. The technical advancement that can come with these changes can changes. In terms of operations, these changes will make everything smooth. These changes, however, can bring in a lot of changes in the dynamics of the workforce and the ratio. With the inclusion of better technologies, many job positions might be redundant for the management of the company to maintain. Thus, it might lead to some loss of jobs for some employees of the company (Hall et al. 2012). The technological changes might improve the security of the company. It can be done with the inclusion of technologies like biometrics, passwords, two step authentication, and advanced, next generation firewall. The cost of including and implementing these changes have to be kept in mind during the process of budgeting and planning out the finances. The cost of rebuilding the operations, training of the employees and networking These costs will ultimately will prove to be beneficial for the company. Conclusion: To sum up, it can be said that a suitable system design proves to be one of the important elements of telecommunication that escorts companies to victory. The communication system and network technologies are two important aspects of any given company. By including an efficient and effective communication strategy and network design, a company can function smoothly and efficiently, achieving all the goals and successes. Through checking on the web designs of companies at a differing level, we cannot miss noticing how a proper network system is vital to ensuring effective communication within a business. The communication system or stream in a company is the backbone of the organization. The business organizations can improve their productivity with the changing of their communication system and the elements of network. This can be achieved by adopting new network technologies and improvements to the management. References: Asad, M.W.A. and Dimitrakopoulos, R., 2012. Performance evaluation of a new stochastic network flow approach to optimal open pit mine design-application at a gold mine.Journal of the Southern African Institute of Mining and Metallurgy,112(7), pp.649-655. Asgari, N., Farahani, R.Z. and Goh, M., 2013. Network design approach for hub ports-shipping companies competition and cooperation.Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice,48, pp.1-18. Baghalian, A., Rezapour, S. and Farahani, R.Z., 2013. Robust supply chain network design with service level against disruptions and demand uncertainties: A real-life case.European Journal of Operational Research,227(1), pp.199-215. Claeys, A.S. and Cauberghe, V., 2012. Crisis response and crisis timing strategies, two sides of the same coin.Public Relations Review,38(1), pp.83-88. (Clayes and Cauberghe 2012) Contreras, I. and Fernndez, E., 2012. General network design: A unified view of combined location and network design problems.European Journal of Operational Research,219(3), pp.680-697. Delgado-Ballester, E., Navarro, A. and Sicilia, M., 2012. Revitalising brands through communication messages: the role of brand familiarity.European Journal of Marketing,46(1/2), pp.31-51. Farahani, R.Z., Rezapour, S., Drezner, T. and Fallah, S., 2014. Competitive supply chain network design: An overview of classifications, models, solution techniques and applications.Omega,45, pp.92-118. Galliers, R.D. and Leidner, D.E., 2014.Strategic information management: challenges and strategies in managing information systems. Routledge. Hall, D., Chong, C.Y., Llinas, J. and II, M.L. eds., 2012.Distributed data fusion for network-centric operations. Crc Press. Hasani, A., Zegordi, S.H. and Nikbakhsh, E., 2012. Robust closed-loop supply chain network design for perishable goods in agile manufacturing under uncertainty.International Journal of Production Research,50(16), pp.4649-4669. Kannan, D., Diabat, A., Alrefaei, M., Govindan, K. and Yong, G., 2012. A carbon footprint based reverse logistics network design model.Resources, conservation and recycling,67, pp.75-79. Lodhia, S., 2012. Web based social and environmental communication in the Australian minerals industry: an application of media richness framework.Journal of Cleaner Production,25, pp.73-85. Mahaboob Sheriff, K.M., Gunasekaran, A. and Nachiappan, S., 2012. Reverse logistics network design: a review on strategic perspective.International Journal of Logistics Systems and Management,12(2), pp.171-194. Mazzei, A., 2014. Internal communication for employee enablement: Strategies in American and Italian companies.Corporate Communications: An International Journal,19(1), pp.82-95. Rainnie, A., Fitzgerald, S. and Ellem, B., 2014. Global production networks and resources in Western Australia. InResource Curse or Cure?(pp. 93-106). Springer Berlin Heidelberg. Raupp, J. and Hoffjann, O., 2012. Understanding strategy in communication management.Journal of Communication Management,16(2), pp.146-161. Sheldon, D., Dilkina, B., Elmachtoub, A.N., Finseth, R., Sabharwal, A., Conrad, J., Gomes, C.P., Shmoys, D., Allen, W., Amundsen, O. and Vaughan, W., 2012. Maximizing the spread of cascades using network design.arXiv preprint arXiv:1203.3514. Simmons, J.M., 2014.Optical network design and planning. Springer. Soba, M. and Aydin, M., 2013. Product placement efficiency in marketing communication strategy.International Journal of Business and Management,8(12), pp.111-116. Thorson, E. and Moore, J., 2013.Integrated communication: Synergy of persuasive voices. Psychology Press.

Reserve Clause an Example of the Topic Government and Law Essays by

Reserve Clause Based from the US sports professional culture, Reserve Clause is a clause or part of the contract that contained in a standard contract but that upon the expiration of the players contract he or she has to be retained by the team to which he has signed with. Such signing of contract disallows the player to move to other teams even though the contract expires. He would only be allowed to join other team unless otherwise released by the team. He would be given option, though to ease the burden. His first option is to a) play for another year for the same team, or; b) be released through signing legal documents (Wikipedia, 2007). Need essay sample on "Reserve Clause" topic? We will write a custom essay sample specifically for you Proceed The reserve clause came into existence when the United States Supreme Court held a ruling during the 1922 case Federal Baseball Club v. National League (259 U.S. 200). The court said that as a sport, baseball was not primarily a business and that is should not be in an arena of "interstate commerce" as well as it is also against the antitrust law.Prior to this, players were free to move to other team as soon as they have completed their contract and then demand higher salaries. Thus other athletes especially those that are bound by their contracts were getting unequal benefits which in turn demoralized them. With this court ruling, team owners standardized contracts to all players to avoid demand for insignificant high salaries. Now, all players contracts are prepared for one year and long-term contracts are avoided. This kind of contract was for the protection of the team as well as players who have been loyal to their teams. A professional player is said to be in a free agency if he can negotiate freely for a contract to a team while without any obligation from other team. A player is now in a "pool" of free agents from which the player can now scout and sign a contract for a team of his choice. University Students Usually Tell EssayLab professionals: How much do I have to pay someone to write my assignment in time? Entrust Your Essay Paper To Us And Get A+ Online Essays For Sale Professional Writers For Hire Custom Essay Review Cheap Reliable Essay Writing Service There are economic drawbacks, however, with free agency. First, this case is not beneficial to teams because it can lead to a battle of biddings. The increased salaries mean the decrease in the profit of the team. In the European sports, the transfer system has always been a puzzle to outsiders. Why should his previous company hinder a former employee to move to another company? In the world of sports, this is different. In 1963, the case of George Eastham concerning transfer and retain system was declared illegal. And yet this system did not stop because it has not been challenged legally. Retain and transfer system was used in the sports world of football to keep wages low. It has similarity with the US Reserve Clause since this system prevents the player to transfer freely to other clubs even he is out of contract. In Europe, this scenario was defended by the owners of the team and presumed that players love to play with the labor market to earn more. So in this case, the players lose their bargaining power, and they cannot request permission from their old club to move to another club. However, the Bosman case in 1995 has stirred the sports society in Europe. This case has resulted in abolishing the system by the European Court of Justice which controls the number of foreign players in a certain team. The result is the increase in wage dramatically for the top players. Club members in reaction to this ruling have called for a wage cap to prevent players dictate their wages but this was ruled out to be anti-competitive and fascist under European law. In comparison with the US counterpart, the volume of players movement is declining because of the transfer fee and clubs now can sit and spy for any targeted player who will be on a free agent status anytime (Davis, 2007). But the good news does not end there as some European clubs still requests for a transfer fee from their players who want to transfer but still within the period of their contract. The European Commission is helpless with this system. As of today, clubs and players sign the usual employment contract that indicates contract period. This contract binds the player from moving to other clubs in as much as the club is prohibited to assign players to another club without the players agreement. But what happened was that players always move beyond their contract and break this agreement. Then what happens where there is constant breakage of the rules. This is now the biggest problem faced by the European Commission and the English legal system as it is very difficult to retain players against their will. Eventually in 1998 after the European Commission began to greatly consider the Bosman case, the commission has come up with proposals. The agreement will commit FIFA in altering their regulations. The changes will focus on preserving transfer fees for new players, and this will be in place as compensation for training costs, providing incentives to develop young players and means to discourage players from moving out illegally. Players ages 18 and below are the most privileged in this proposal. They will have a free movement within clubs in the European Union as long as their club follows a code of conduct and will provide the guarantee for academic education and training. This privilege, however, will be voided if the players family moved out of Europe (Foster, 2001) Work Cited: Davis. (2007). Reserve clause [Electronic Version]. Retrieved August 24. Foster, K. (2001). Transfer Fees: Still (Il)Legal After All These Years? Wikipedia. (2007). Reserve clause [Electronic Version].